Stereoscope.



PATBNTED APR. 5, 1904.

0. L; PAPPBNHAGEN.

STBREOSGOPE.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 10, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

INVENTOH WIT/W588i: add. 4

8) m V W7 A TORNEYS UNTTED STATES Patented. April 5, 1964.

PATENT @EETTJE.

CHARLES L. PAPPENHAGEN, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO B. L. SINGLEY, OF MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEREOSCOPE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 756,692, dated April 5, 1904.

Application filed November 10, 1903.

To all whom it vnayconcern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. PAPPENHA- GEN, acitizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Meadville, county of Crawford, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Stereoscopes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to stereoscopes and more specifically to certain improvements in a number of the parts, which will appear as the specification proceeds.

Stereoscopes as constructed in the present art are as a rule composed of a hood adapted to conform to the contour of the face to exclude rays of light to form a dark chamber, a lens-frame, shaft-plates attached to the hood and lens-frame, a shaft fixed between the shaftplates, apicture-carrier movable on said shaft for focusing, and a septum secured to the lensframe between the lenses. A handle is also provided, which is usually fastened by screws running through the shaft-plates and into the septum.

The object of my invention is to provide improvements in these members, particularly in the shaft, the handle, the means for holding the lenses in position, the lensframe, the method of joining the latter to the hood, and the method of joining the lower shaft-plate to the hood.

Other features will appear as the specification proceeds.

The accompanying drawings disclose the various novel features in a preferred form, although changes may of course be made within the scope of the claims.

Stereoscopes are at present constructed for the most part of aluminium, and while I prefer this in my construction I do not desire to be understood as limiting myself to this material, as, of course, any suitable material can be substituted.

In the accompanying drawings similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

Figure 1 is a partial plan view of a stereoscope, the shaft being broken off and the septum and lower shaft-plate broken away to indetail view showing the method of joining the edges of the hood, taken on y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail view showing the arrangement of the lens-holder, shaft-plates, and hood and the method of joining the lower shaft-plate with the hood.

The hood is constructed in one piece in a conventional form, with its rear edge adapted to conform to the contour of the face, thereby excluding light and forming a dark chamber. It is joined at its forward edge to the lensframe in such a manner as to form a rounded bead at the juncture of the hood and lensframe, thereby relieving the usual flat appearance of the stereoscope. In practice the rearward edge is turned over on itself in the customary manner and covered with plush or other soft material of an attractive appearance, so that its contact with the face is rendered agreeable. The hood is united to the lens-frame and shaft-holder without screws or rivets and in a manner adapted to promote a beautiful appearance of the stereoscope taken as a whole. This is accomplished by uniting the edges in a lock-joint, which will be described hereinafter.

Referring now more in detail to the several parts in Fig. 1, 1 indicates the hood, shaped at its rear edge as described and having its forward edge grooved and flanged at 2.

3 is a lens-frame having its edge bent slightly outward at 4: to engage with the flanged groove of the hood. In this lens-frame is formed a rearwardly-projecting recess or pocket 5, having the central portion indented forwardly to allow for the screw 6, which binds the frame of the septum '4'. This recessed portion of the lens-frame has lens-apertures and is provided in its walls at suitable points with openings 8. Into this recessed portion of the lensframe the lenses are positioned. Fitting snugly over them to keep them'from lateral or forward displacement is the spring-plate 9, having a portion 10 on its edges adapted to engage with the before-mentioned openings in the walls of the pocket and having its centers apertured, so as to form a frame for the lenses. This spring-plate is constructed to conform to the angle of the lenses and has a central portion 11 indented outwardly sufii- 'ciently to bring it in snug contact with the rear face of the septum. It will thus be seen that the indented portion of the spring-plate,

which forms, so to speak, a bridge; is adapted to spring into the recess of the lens-frame and to fit over the lenses. When the septum is fastened in the usual manner and the spring-plate is secured in position, the lenses are then held rigidly in place. This lens-frame 3 is bent forwardly and at right angles at its base to form the upper shaft-plate 12, which is joined at its marginal edges with the lower shaft-plate 13,so as to form a socket. The lower plate is bent upwardly near its junction with the hood and is then bent in a U shape 14:, adapted to engage with a corresponding bent-back flanged portion 15 of the hood. The shaft 16 is fitted into the socket formed by the shaft-plates and is provided with a slot 17 in the portion inclosed by'the said plates, thereby allowing the shaftto pass the screws 18, which pass through the shaft-plates and socket and unite the handle and septum. It will thus be seen that the shaft can be withdrawn without removing the screws. The shaft also serves to preserve the plates in their properly-distended form. The handle is connected to the lower shaft-plate by means of the member 19, forming a portion, spear-shaped, extending downwardly and embedded in the handle and pivoted at 20. The upper portion is cut away, so as to form a projection to engage with the lug 21, projecting from the upper left-hand quarter seg ment and which forms a stop against this cutaway portion, thereby preventing the continued rotation about the pivot 20 andpreventing the stereoscope from rotating beyond the horizontal. This member 19 is attached to the shaft by means of two vertical hanger plates or ears which are extended in the form of a shoe on the lower shaft-plate and is se- 1. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, a lens-frame joined to said hood at the upper and side portions of its surrounding edge, a lower shaft-plate joined to the hood by a transverse seam at the lower portion of its surrounding edge, an extension on the lens-frame forming an upper shaft-plate joined to the lower shaft-plate by means of a lockseam so as to form a socket for the shaft and a septum attached to the shaft and to the lensframe.

2. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, a lens-frame joined to said hood at the upper and side portions of its surrounding edge, a lower shaft-plate joined to the hood by a transverse seam at the lower portion of its surrounding edge, and an extension on the lens-frame forming an upper shaft-plate joined to the lower shaft-plate by means of a lockseam so as to form a socket for the shaft.

3. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a single pocket adapted to receive the lenses, and a member adapted to be secured in the said pocket to hold the-lenses in position.

4. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a recessed portion'extending rearwardly adapted to receive the lenses, and aspring-plate adapted to be secured in said recessed portion to hold the lenses in position.

5. In a stereoscope,.the combination of a hood, composed of a single piece of metal and adapted to interlock at its forward edge with the periphery of the lens-frame, a shaft adapted to removably engage with a shaft-socket formed by two plates joined at their margins by an interlocking seam, one of said plates being joined to the hood by a U-shaped hook adapted to receive a bent-back flanged portion of the hood, the other plate being integral with the lens-frame and at right angles to it, the said lens-frame having a single pocket adapted to receive the lenses and a spring-plate adapted to be removably secured in said pocket and adapted to conform to the angles of the lenses and to hold them securely in position.

6. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a single pocket adapted to receive the lenses and extending rearwardly, said pocket having in its walls a plurality of openings, a springplate conforming to the angles of the lenses adapted to spring into the said pocket and to hold the lenses in position and having extending spurs adapted to engage in the openings in the Wall of the pocket to secure the said plate.

7 In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a single pocket extending rearwardly adapted to receive the lenses, a spring-plate conforming to the angles of the lenses adapted to spring into the said pocket and to hold the lenses in position, and lugs in the walls of said pocket adapted to secure the spring-plate.

8. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a single pocket extending rearwardly adapted to receive the, lenses, a spring-plate conforming to the angles of the lenses adapted to spring into the said pocket and to hold the lenses in position and a plurality of lugs integral with the walls of the pocket and adapted to secure the spring-plate in position.

9. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a recessed portion extending rearwardly adapted to receive the lenses, a spring-plate conforming to the angles of the lenses having a forwardly-extending bridge in its central portion and adapted to engage in said recess and to hold the lenses in position.

10. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame havinga recessed portion extending rearwardly adapted to receive the lenses, a spring-plate conforming to the angles of the lenses and having a forwardly-extending bridge in its central portion, said spring-plate being adapted to engage in said recess and to hold the lenses against displacement and means adapted to secure the spring-plate in position.

11. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a single pocket adapted to receive the lenses and extending rearwardly, a spring-plate conforming to the angles of the lenses and having a forwardly-extending bridge in its center portion, said spring-plate being adapted to spring into the said pocket and to hold the lenses in position.

12. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, composed of a single piece of metal and adapted to interlock at its forward edge with the periphery of the lens-frame, two shaftplates forming a socket joined at their margins by an interlocking seam, one of said plates being joined to the hood by a U-shaped hook adapted to receive a bent-back flanged portion of the hood, the otherplate being integral with the lens-frame, and at right angles to it, the said lens-frame being adapted to receive the lenses, and a spring-plate adapted to hold said lenses in position.

13. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, composed of a single piece of metal and adapted to interlock at its forward edge with the periphery of the lens-frame, two shaftplates forming a socket joined at their margins by an interlocking seam, one of said plates being joined to the hood by a U-shaped hook adapted to receive a bent-back flanged portion of the hood, the other plate being integral with the lens-frame and at right angles to it, the said lens-frame having a single pocket adapted to receive the lenses, and a spring-plate adapted to be removably secured in said pocket and adapted to conform to the angles of the lenses, and to hold them securely in position.

1%. A stereoscope, comprising in part: a shaft, a lens-frame having a horizontal integral portion extending at right angles, and a shaft-plate secured to the hood, said integral portion and the shaft-plate being adapted to form a socket for the shaft.

15. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, a lens-frame joined to the said hood at the upper and side portions of its surrounding edge, a lower shaft-plate joined to the hood by a transverse seam at the lower portion of its surrounding edge, an extension on the lensframe forming an upper shaft-plate joined to the lower shaft-plate by means of a lock-seam so as to form a socket for the shaft, and a sep tum attached to the shaft and to the lens-frame.

16. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having a rearwardly-extending recess adapted to receive the lenses and a spring-plate adapted to hold said lenses firmly in position, said springplate having projecting spurs adapted to engage with openings in the side of the recessed portion of the lens-frame to secure the springplate in position.

17. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame havinga rearwardly-extending recess adapted to re ceive the lenses, a spring-plate having a forwardly-extending bridge in its center portion and adapted to hold said lenses firmly in position, said spring-plate having projecting spurs adapted to engage with the openings in the side of the recessed portion of the lensframe to secure the spring-plate.

18.. In a stereoscope, a socket, a shaft, a slotted portion of said shaft adapted to extend into the said socket, binding-screws for securing the shaft in the socket and which when loosened will allow the shaft to be withdrawn from the socket.

19. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, a lens-frame, a shaft adapted to engage in a socket formed by two plates, one of which is secured to the hood and the other of which is integral with the lens-frame.

20. In a stereoscope, the combination of a hood, a lens-frame, a shaft having a portion thereof slotted and adapted to engage in a socket formed by two plates, one of which is secured to the hood and the other of which is integral with the lens-frame.

21. In a stereoscope,-the combination of a septum, two plates adapted to form a socket, means adapted to bind the said septum to the plate, and a shaft adapted to engage in the socket formed by the two plates, said shaft having a slot in the portion contained in the socket adapted to allow it to freely pass the said binding means.

22. In a stereoscope, a lens-frame having an integral portion projecting at right angles to form a plate, a second plate rigidly connected with this projecting portion of the lensframe, the two forming a socket, a shaft adapted to engage in said socket, and a hood rigidly connected with said plate and lens-frame.

23. A stereoscope comprising in part, a shaft and a lens-frame having a horizontal integral portion extending at right angles and adapted to embrace said shaft.

24. In a stereoscope, ashaft, asocket adapted to receive said shaft, a hood, a lower plate rigidly attached to said hood, a lens-frame having a horizontal integral portion extending at right angles to form an upper plate, adapted to engagein a socket formed by two said plates forminga socket and being joined at plates connected at their marginal edges and their marginal edges by interlocking flanges. having a portion contained in said socket slot- 25. In a stereoscope, a socket formed by an ted. 5 5 upper plate integral with the lens-frame and Signed at New York city this 9th day of a lower plate rigidly attached to the hood, November, 1903.

said plates being fastened at their marginal 1 edges by interlocking flanges and a shaft hav- CHARLES PAPPENHAGEN' ing a portion Within said socket slotted to per- Witnesses:

I rnit of its free removal. WAYNE M. MUSGRAVE,

26. A stereoscope comprising in part a shaft, RAYMOND C. SPAULDING. 

